46th BARCELONA World Congress on Business Studies (BWCBS-26) April 20-22, 2026 Barcelona (Spain)

BWCBS-26


International Business Business, Economics & Management (General)



Business Studies is a broad, multidisciplinary field that examines how organizations operate, compete, and grow. Topics of interest for submission include any topics on:



1. Business Environment & Strategy



This area focuses on the "big picture"—how a business interacts with the world and plans for the future.





  • External Environment Analysis:





    • PESTLE Analysis: Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, and Environmental factors.




    • Porter’s Five Forces: Analyzing industry competition and market attractiveness.






  • Business Ownership Structures:





    • Sole Traders, Partnerships, and Private vs. Public Limited Companies.




    • Franchising, Cooperatives, and Social Enterprises.






  • Strategic Planning:





    • Setting Mission, Vision, and Corporate Objectives.




    • SWOT Analysis: Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats.




    • Ansoff’s Matrix: Market penetration, product development, and diversification.







2. Marketing Management



Marketing is about identifying and satisfying customer needs profitably.





  • Market Research:





    • Primary vs. Secondary research methods.




    • Qualitative vs. Quantitative data analysis.






  • The Marketing Mix (4Ps & 7Ps):





    • Product: Life cycle (PLC), branding, and packaging.




    • Price: Skimming, penetration, and psychological pricing.




    • Place: Distribution channels and e-commerce logistics.




    • Promotion: Advertising, PR, and digital marketing strategies.






  • Consumer Behavior:





    • Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning (STP).




    • The buyer decision-making process.







3. Human Resource Management (HRM)



This focuses on the most valuable asset of any business: its people.





  • Workforce Planning:





    • Recruitment, selection, and induction processes.




    • Training and development (On-the-job vs. Off-the-job).






  • Motivation Theories:





    • Taylor’s Scientific Management.




    • Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs and Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory.






  • Organizational Structure:





    • Span of control, chain of command, and delegation.




    • Centralization vs. Decentralization.






  • Employment Relations:





    • Trade unions, collective bargaining, and redundancy.







4. Operations Management



Operations involves the production of goods and services efficiently.





  • Production Methods:





    • Job, Batch, Flow, and Cell production.




    • Lean Production: Just-in-Time (JIT) and Kaizen (continuous improvement).






  • Quality Management:





    • Quality Control vs. Quality Assurance.




    • Total Quality Management (TQM).






  • Supply Chain & Logistics:





    • Managing suppliers, stock control (EOQ), and lead times.







5. Finance and Accounting



The "language of business" used to measure performance and manage resources.





  • Sources of Finance:





    • Internal (retained profit) vs. External (loans, venture capital, share capital).






  • Financial Statements:





    • Income Statement: Calculating gross and operating profit.




    • Statement of Financial Position (Balance Sheet): Assets, liabilities, and equity.




    • Cash Flow Forecasts: Managing liquidity and working capital.






  • Investment Appraisal:





    • Payback Period and Net Present Value (NPV).






  • Ratio Analysis:





    • Profitability ratios (ROCE, GPM) and Liquidity ratios (Current ratio).







6. Business Ethics & Globalisation



Modern business studies must account for global impact and morality.





  • Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR):





    • The "Triple Bottom Line": People, Planet, Profit.






  • International Business:





    • Multinational Corporations (MNCs) and Offshoring.




    • The impact of exchange rates and trade barriers (Tariffs/Quotas).